APU

Intro

Let’s assume you have a Mikrotik Router which got a Mgmt Interface with IP: ‘192.168.88.1/24’ and DHCP Server enabled. You wann Access the Router via HTTP/HTTPS while offering Internet Services for the Mikrotik Router. You have an APU and OpenBSD running. What do you do ?

Setup

• 2 NIC’s
• em0: dhcp client, default route, rdomain 0
• em3: dhcp client, rdomain 3

Interfaces

Interface em0

cat << 'EOF' > /etc/hostname.em0
# Public Internet
inet 	autoconf
inet6	autoconf
EOF

Interface em3

intro

as we all know, the apu’s from pcengines are eol. but it’s worth to bring the existing ones to the latest firmware. if you have openbsd running on your boxes, you can upgrade it with like this:

add packages

doas pkg_add -i flashrom pciutils

set hostname

based on apu version and mac of em0

type=$(dmesg |grep ^bios0: |tail -1 |sed 's/.*gines //')
mac=$(ifconfig em0 |awk '/lladdr/ {print $2}' |awk -F':' '{printf "%s-%s-%s\n",$4, $5, $6}')
echo "${type}-${mac}" |tee /etc/myname; hostname $(cat /etc/myname)

sample

While ago since i installed FreeBSD “by Hand” on a APU … let’s take some Notes (as we’re all getting older …) ;)

Links

• https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/serialcomms/#serialconsole-setup
• https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-write-freebsd-image-to-usb-disk-for-installation-using-dd-command/

Get Install Image

wget https://download.freebsd.org/ftp/releases/amd64/amd64/ISO-IMAGES/13.0/FreeBSD-13.0-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img.xz
xz -dv FreeBSD-13.0-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img.xz

Write to USB Stick

time dd if=FreeBSD-13.0-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img of=/dev/da1 bs=1M conv=sync status=progress

Mount Stick

mount /dev/da1s2a /mnt

Redirect Serial Console

and set other Stuff

cat <<EOF>/mnt/boot/loader.conf
boot_multicons="YES"
boot_serial="YES"
comconsole_speed="115200"
console="comconsole,vidconsole"
EOF

Unmount Image

umount /mnt

Write to USB Stick

time dd if=FreeBSD-13.0-RELEASE-amd64-memstick.img of=/dev/da1 bs=1M conv=sync status=progress

Boot APU with USB Stick

Insert USB Stick into APU and Press F10 -> Boot from USB Device

debian on apu

boot

menu -> tab

-> debian-installer/i386/linux vga=788 initrd=debian-installer/i386/initrd.gz — console=ttyS0,115200

enter

space

:)

english

country switzerland

nic0

hostname apu005

domain planet

mirror ch -> ftp.ch.debian.org

root password

Partitioning: entire Disk & LVM

Separate /home /var /tmp

survey no

soft: standard system utilities & ssh server

grub yes

braucht ca. 30min !

automated

https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/apbs02.en.html https://www.debian.org/releases/buster/example-preseed.txt

Packages

apt-get -y install net-tools git htop

Reboot

geht 40 Sekunden

sha256: de990ff6c33196dbecc6d133f0fc29686ded54fa7357d30e7dc36a59f0368eb0

How to Access APU “B” from APU “A” via Serial Console (USB to Serial Device)

APU “A”

Connect USBtoSerial Adapter

Connect to Serial Console on APU “B”

APU “B”

/etc/ttys
tty00 "/usr/libexec/getty std.115200" vt220  on secure

APU “A”

cu -s 115200 -l /dev/tty00

cu -s 115200 -l /dev/cuaU0 (8 Port USB2Serial Device)

-> you have now Console Access to APU “B”

Hardware

https://www.amazon.de/LogiLink-AU0033-USB-Adapter-Serial/dp/B00BBXHOAY

sha256: 28cee1e19429893ed3a288609d580ce28305a3c80961771d3a495403af3cf3c5

How much Disk is used with Default Partitioning

puffy66# df -h
Filesystem     Size    Used   Avail Capacity  Mounted on
/dev/sd0a     1005M   96.1M    858M    10%    /
/dev/sd0k      9.6G    2.0K    9.1G     0%    /home
/dev/sd0d      1.8G   12.0K    1.7G     0%    /tmp
/dev/sd0f      2.5G    955M    1.4G    39%    /usr
/dev/sd0g     1005M    202M    752M    21%    /usr/X11R6
/dev/sd0h      4.2G    218K    3.9G     0%    /usr/local
/dev/sd0j      5.8G    2.0K    5.5G     0%    /usr/obj
/dev/sd0i      1.7G    2.0K    1.6G     0%    /usr/src
/dev/sd0e      2.8G    5.9M    2.7G     0%    /var

Example with 32 GB

puffy66# df -h
Filesystem     Size    Used   Avail Capacity  Mounted on
/dev/sd0a      3.9G   96.1M    3.6G     3%    /
/dev/sd0g      7.8G    2.0K    7.4G     0%    /home
/dev/sd0d      2.0G   12.0K    1.9G     0%    /tmp
/dev/sd0f      7.9G    1.1G    6.4G    15%    /usr
/dev/sd0e      7.9G    5.9M    7.5G     0%    /var

Partition Proposal for 16GB

/dev/sd0a 2G  /
/dev/sd0b 1G  swap
/dev/sd0d 1G  /tmp
/dev/sd0e 4G  /var
/dev/sd0f 4G  /usr
/dev/sd0g 4G  /home

Partition Proposal for 20GB

/dev/sd0a 2G  /
/dev/sd0b 1G  swap
/dev/sd0d 1G  /tmp
/dev/sd0e 6G  /var
/dev/sd0f 6G  /usr
/dev/sd0g 4G  /home

Partition Proposal for 32GB

/dev/sd0a 4G  /
/dev/sd0b 2G  swap
/dev/sd0d 2G  /tmp
/dev/sd0e 8G  /var
/dev/sd0f 8G  /usr
/dev/sd0g 8G  /home

Partition Proposal for 64GB

/dev/sd0a 4G  /
/dev/sd0b 2G  swap
/dev/sd0d 2G  /tmp
/dev/sd0e 8G  /var
/dev/sd0f 8G  /usr
/dev/sd0g 8G  /home
/dev/sd0h 32G /data

Templates APU 16GB

cat << 'EOF' > autodisklabel
/       2G
swap    0.5G
/tmp    1G
/usr    4G
/var    4G
/home   4G
EOF

Templates APU 120GB

cat << 'EOF' > autodisklabel
/       4G
swap    4G
/tmp    4G
/usr    8G
/var    8G
/home   16G
/data   64G
EOF

Quick and Dirty APU 120GB

a 4G /root
a 4G swap
a 4G /tmp
a 8G /usr
a 8G /home
a *  /var

-> which results in:

apu-120GB# df -h
Filesystem     Size    Used   Avail Capacity  Mounted on
/dev/sd0a      3.9G   75.0M    3.6G     2%    /
/dev/sd0f      7.8G    2.0K    7.4G     0%    /home
/dev/sd0d      3.9G   16.0K    3.7G     0%    /tmp
/dev/sd0e      7.8G    1.2G    6.1G    17%    /usr
/dev/sd0g     81.1G    7.0M   77.1G     0%    /var

sha256: 8b0fa0f79f422c4d4ed8eb1ee67cda1d67470ff8aec34f18bb7715b6ea4291f0